Free Eduqas GCSE Geography (C112) Exam Questions and Answers
Eduqas GCSE Geography (C112) is Eduqas's GCSE Geography qualification, specification C112, taken in England. The questions here come from Eduqas's published question papers from June 2018 to June 2025, plus its specimen papers, with answers and marking guidance taken from Eduqas's own mark schemes. Written-answer questions let you work out your answer and then reveal what the mark scheme accepts; diagrams, graphs and source material appear with the questions that use them.
If you searched for Eduqas GCSE Geography (C112) dumps, an ExamTopics discussion or a free PDF, this is the question bank for it: practice questions with verified answers and explanations, a timed practice test and updates whenever Eduqas changes the exam.
Last updated: October 10, 2026
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Question #1
Percentage of rural and urban populations in England in 2020 Population pyramid (back-to-back bar chart) showing the percentage of population by age group (0–4 up to 90+) for Rural (left) and Urban (right) areas in England in 2020. Horizontal axis: Percentage of population, 10% to 0 to 10%. Study Figure 1.1. India is an example of a NIC. What does NIC stand for? Tick (✓) one of the definitions below.


Correct answer: B
Explanation
Credit this response only for one mark.
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Question #2
Percentage of rural and urban populations in England in 2020 Population pyramid (back-to-back bar chart) showing the percentage of population by age group (0–4 up to 90+) for Rural (left) and Urban (right) areas in England in 2020. Horizontal axis: Percentage of population, 10% to 0 to 10%. Study Figure 1.1. The table below contains six statements about Figure 1.1. Only three are correct. Tick (✓) the three correct statements.


Select 3 answers.
Correct answer: C, D, F
Explanation
One mark for each correct tick. Only these three statements are credited.
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Question #3
Study Figure 1.2 below. Adult literacy is the percentage of adults who can read and write. Figure 1.2 – Changes in Adult Literacy Rates in India, 1981-2016 | | 1981 | 2016 | | Adult male literacy (%) | 55 | 81 | | Adult female literacy (%) | 26 | 63 | | Difference | | 18 | Calculate the difference between male and female literacy in 1981.
Type your answer, then reveal.
Correct answer: 29
Explanation
Correct response only for one mark. Accept the answer placed in the table. No working required.
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Question #4
Study Figure 1.2 below. Adult literacy is the percentage of adults who can read and write. Figure 1.2 – Changes in Adult Literacy Rates in India, 1981-2016 | | 1981 | 2016 | | Adult male literacy (%) | 55 | 81 | | Adult female literacy (%) | 26 | 63 | | Difference | | 18 | What has happened to the difference between male and female literacy?
Type your answer, then reveal.
Correct answer: The difference has gone down / reduced (by 11%).
Explanation
One valid statement for one mark. Use of figures is allowed.
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Question #5
Study Figure 1.2 below. Adult literacy is the percentage of adults who can read and write. Figure 1.2 – Changes in Adult Literacy Rates in India, 1981-2016 | | 1981 | 2016 | | Adult male literacy (%) | 55 | 81 | | Adult female literacy (%) | 26 | 63 | | Difference | | 18 | Give one reason why improving adult literacy rates would benefit countries like India.
Type your answer, then reveal.
Correct answer: A high literacy rate means more workers can be employed in high technology jobs, which earn more money for the country.
Explanation
This targets levels of development. One mark for a valid statement and up to one further mark for its development. Do not credit simply defining adult literacy.
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Question #6
Study Figure 1.2 below. Adult literacy is the percentage of adults who can read and write. Figure 1.2 – Changes in Adult Literacy Rates in India, 1981-2016 | | 1981 | 2016 | | Adult male literacy (%) | 55 | 81 | | Adult female literacy (%) | 26 | 63 | | Difference | | 18 | Give one economic indicator that is used to measure a country’s level of development.
Type your answer, then reveal.
Correct answer: GNI (Gross National Income). Also accepted: GNP, PPP, GDP, inflation level, % unemployment, economic structure of employment.
Explanation
One valid indicator for one mark. Do NOT allow HDI because it is not purely economic.
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Question #7
Describe the pattern of imports and exports of one NIC you have studied.
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Correct answer: A named NIC with specific imports and exports, for example China imported £1.2 billion of goods from the UK and exported £3.9 billion of goods to it. Refer to figures, goods or countries for both imports and exports.
Explanation
Banded, 4 marks. Band 2 (3-4): elaborated statements showing detailed knowledge of the trade pattern, with clear reference to figures/goods/countries of imports and exports. Band 1 (1-2): simple statements about imports or exports, possibly generic. 0 marks if the answer is incorrect or wholly irrelevant. The country must be a NIC, not an LIC, and must be named. If the country is incorrect or missing, award 0.
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Question #8
Explain why the UK needs to import and export goods.
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Correct answer: The UK cannot produce all it needs, such as raw materials and some foods (iron ore, coffee, tea, bananas), so it imports them. Imports can also be cheaper, of wider choice or better quality. The UK exports goods such as cars, machinery, petroleum, and medical and surgical instruments to earn money. Services such as tourism or finance can also be traded.
Explanation
Banded, 6 marks (tests interdependence). Band 3 (5-6): thorough, elaborated understanding of a range of reasons for both imports and exports, with chains of reasoning. Band 2 (3-4): elaborated understanding of reasons for both imports and exports, but may lack balance. Band 1 (1-2): simple valid statements showing basic understanding, possibly only imports or only exports. 0 marks if incorrect or irrelevant. Do not penalise answers that refer to services rather than goods.
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Question #9
Information about St James Quarter Development, Edinburgh Fact Box • Cost £1.6 billion • Is at the eastern end of Princes Street which is a main shopping area • Car parking for 1600 cars, 70 disabled bays, bicycle racks and electric vehicle charging points • 244-bedroom luxury hotel planned • 152 apartments to be built, some costing over £1 million Photographs: Existing shops on Princes Street, Edinburgh (tram and shops); Inside the new shopping centre (St James Quarter); St James Quarter Development (view of the buildings). Study Figure 1.3. Figure 1.3 – Countries that export and import Fairtrade goods Describe the pattern of Fairtrade export countries and Fairtrade import countries. Use evidence from Figure 1.3 only.


Type your answer, then reveal.
Correct answer: Export countries are in South America, Africa and Asia, mainly between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. Import countries are in North America, Europe and Australasia, mostly in higher latitudes. The pattern is uneven/mainly in these areas.
Explanation
Up to three simple valid statements, one mark each. Export countries: South America/Africa/Asia. Import countries: North America/Europe/Australasia. Many export countries lie between the Tropics, whereas import countries are in higher latitudes. A third mark needs a qualification of the pattern (e.g. uneven, mainly, mostly). Maximum 2 marks if you only refer to export or only to import countries. Maximum 2 for a list.
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Question #10
Study Figure 1.3. Figure 1.3 – Countries that export and import Fairtrade goods Give two features of Fairtrade. 1. ____ 2. ____

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Correct answer: Any two: Fairtrade Foundation began in 1992; the Fairtrade mark guarantees a better deal for farmers; farmers have more security and can plan ahead; they may work as a co-operative; they may borrow money to invest in new technology; they get a fair price; they may receive a Fairtrade Premium for local projects; or a named Fairtrade product.
Explanation
Up to two valid statements, one mark each. Accepted: begun in 1992; Fairtrade mark guarantees a better deal; more security so can plan ahead; co-operative working; able to borrow money to invest in new technology; fair price; Fairtrade Premium used for local projects; any appropriate Fairtrade product.
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