Free Eduqas GCSE Geography (C111) Exam Questions and Answers
Eduqas GCSE Geography (C111) is Eduqas's GCSE Geography qualification, specification C111, taken in England. The questions here come from Eduqas's published question papers from June 2018 to June 2025, plus its specimen papers, with answers and marking guidance taken from Eduqas's own mark schemes. Written-answer questions let you work out your answer and then reveal what the mark scheme accepts; diagrams, graphs and source material appear with the questions that use them.
Looking for Eduqas GCSE Geography (C111) exam dumps or ExamTopics questions? These practice questions cover the same ground with verified answers and explanations, a downloadable PDF and a full practice test, kept current as Eduqas updates the exam.
Last updated: October 10, 2026
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Question #1
Study Graph 2.1 below. What is migration? Tick (✓) one definition below.

Correct answer: B
Explanation
Credit this response only (1 mark).
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Question #2
Study Graph 2.1 below. Use information from Graph 2.1 to circle the correct answer in the sentences below. More people left the UK than moved into the UK between 1991 and 1993 / 1992 and 1993 / 1993 and 1994. The number of people moving into the UK increased most rapidly between 1995 and 1997 / 1999 and 2001 / 2012 and 2014. Between 2004 and 2013 the number of people moving into the UK each year stayed the same / increased / fluctuated. In 2015, the difference between the number of people moving into the UK and the number leaving each year was 310 / 330 / 360 thousand.

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Correct answer: 1992 and 1993; 2012 and 2014; fluctuated; 330
Explanation
One mark for each correct circled answer: 1992 and 1993; 2012 and 2014; fluctuated; 330. Four marks in total.
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Question #3
Study Table 2.2 below. Name one suitable mapping technique to represent the numbers in Table 2.2.

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Correct answer: Flow line maps/desire lines (or maps with proportional symbols such as arrows, bars or circles, or choropleth).
Explanation
Credit any one of: flow line maps/desire lines; maps with proportional symbols (arrows, bars or circles); choropleth.
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Question #4
Study Table 2.2 below. Give one reason why your selected mapping technique is a suitable way to show this data.

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Correct answer: A valid reason for the chosen technique, e.g. flow lines: easy to read and make comparisons, show direction of movement, line width proportional to value, show origin of migrants.
Explanation
Credit one valid statement for one mark and its development for further marks (3 marks in total). Flow lines/desire lines: easy to read, analyse, easy to compare, show direction of movement, width proportional to value, show origin. Proportional symbols: easy to read, symbols proportional to value, easy to compare, clearly show differences between places or a large range of values, show spatial patterns and origin of migrants. Choropleth: easy to read, use of colour/shading, easy to compare, shows spatial patterns and origin of migrants. Bar chart: easy to read, easy to compare, clearly shows differences or range of values. Justification of techniques for mapping discrete data (including located bars) is credited.
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Question #5
In 2015 London (a global city) was the destination of more than a third of all international migrants to the UK. What are push factors? Tick (✓) one answer from the statements below.
Correct answer: B
Explanation
Credit this response only (1 mark).
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Question #6
In 2015 London (a global city) was the destination of more than a third of all international migrants to the UK. Give two pull factors that attract people to global cities.
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Correct answer: Any two, e.g. more job opportunities; more educational opportunities; other specified services available (e.g. transport); family already there.
Explanation
One mark for each of up to two valid statements. Statements must be qualified (e.g. more, better).
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Question #7
In 2015 London (a global city) was the destination of more than a third of all international migrants to the UK. Describe two ways in which one global city you have studied is connected to other places. Name of global city ____
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Correct answer: Two connections of a global city, each with a description. E.g. Cardiff: an international airport connecting it to European cities for business/holidays; the Principality Stadium attracting visitors for sporting/cultural events; home to the Welsh Government connecting it to Welsh regions/UK Government; Somali population keeping in touch and sending money to relatives abroad.
Explanation
One mark for each of up to two valid ways and one mark for further description of each (4 marks in total). Connections can be regional or global. Answers depend on the city chosen (e.g. Cardiff or Mumbai). No marks for naming the city. Global cities attract economic migrants and daily commuters, provide special services, act as transport hubs, are centres of finance and trade, and promote ideas and information.
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Question #8
Global cities in LICs and NICs have informal economies. Explain why informal jobs are important for people and the economy.
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Correct answer: Informal jobs matter because governments find it hard to create enough formal jobs. They are unregulated and need no qualifications, so people can earn a living. Workers do not pay tax but do buy goods and services from the formal economy. They also provide services such as waste collection and recycling and social care that the state cannot afford.
Explanation
Marked by levels (6 marks), working upwards from the lowest level. Level 3 (5-6): thorough and elaborated understanding of benefits for both people and the economy, with chains of reasoning. Level 2 (3-4): elaborated understanding of some benefits, showing breadth. Level 1 (1-2): simple valid statements showing basic understanding of the benefits. 0 if incorrect or irrelevant. Indicative content: governments find it hard to create enough formal jobs; informal jobs are not regulated and need no qualifications; they pay no tax but people buy goods and services from the formal economy; city authorities value the sector as workers collect and recycle waste, solving collection and disposal; the informal economy provides jobs and services such as social care that the state cannot afford.
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Question #9
Counter-urbanisation is the movement of people and businesses from larger cities to smaller towns and rural areas. Give two reasons why counter-urbanisation takes place.
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Correct answer: Any two reasons, each explained, e.g. improved broadband and teleworking so people can work from a rural base; people take jobs in rural areas because of scenic areas or better environments; people leave city pollution and congestion for a better lifestyle for children; improved road transport makes rural areas accessible for commuters; an ageing population means more retirees who don't need to live near work and prefer scenic, quieter areas.
Explanation
Credit up to two valid statements, each for one mark, and up to two explanations/reasons, each for one mark (2+2 or 3+1). Accept 'cheaper' only if a suitable example is given (e.g. London).
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Question #10
Study the information in the Resource Box below. Resource Box – Information about Elsenham in Essex Elsenham is a village in Essex, 42 miles North of Central London. Facts about Elsenham: • The railway station is on the commuter line into London. • It is 4 miles from a junction on the M11 motorway which links London to Cambridge. • Population has grown from 1,217 (1971) to 2,446 (2011). • Services include a village hall, public house, post office, shop and a primary school. Table 2.3 – Average house prices (2017) | | Average house prices (£) | | Elsenham | 380,000 | | London | 523,000 | | UK | 207,000 | Photo 2.4 – People from Elsenham protesting about plans to build a large new housing estate on farmland next to their village Should permission be given to build large new housing estates on the edge of villages such as Elsenham? Justify your answer by referring to evidence in the Resource Box. Your ability to spell, punctuate and use grammar and specialist terminology accurately will be assessed in your answer to this question.

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Correct answer: A balanced, justified judgement using the Resource Box. For building: Elsenham is very accessible to London (M11 and rail), so it would provide homes for commuters who cannot afford London (£143,000 price difference), and new residents would support services such as the post office, shop and primary school. Against building: loss of green field land (bad for nature and agriculture; brownfield sites in London would be better); local opposition (NIMBYism, shown in the photo); higher rural house prices unaffordable for local people; closure of village shops and services; conflict between traditional villagers and newcomers.
Explanation
12 marks: 8 for geographical content plus up to 4 for spelling, punctuation, grammar and specialist terms. Content levels: Level 4 (7-8): exceptional application, comprehensive chains of reasoning giving sophisticated analysis, and a balanced, coherent appraisal drawing on wider geographical understanding to justify the decision. Level 3 (5-6): thorough application, chains of reasoning giving elaborated analysis, and a balanced appraisal supporting the decision. Level 2 (3-4): sound application, some connections giving valid but limited analysis, and a limited appraisal. Level 1 (1-2): basic application, basic meaning ascribed to the information, and weak appraisal. 0 if incorrect or irrelevant. SPaG: High (4) is consistently accurate with a wide range of specialist terms. Intermediate (2-3) is considerably accurate with a good range of terms. Threshold (1) is reasonably accurate with a limited range of terms. 0 if the threshold is not reached or nothing is written. The answer should apply knowledge of the impacts of commuting and counter-urbanisation on accessible rural areas in the UK.
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