Free Pearson Edexcel GCSE Citizenship (1CT0) Exam Questions and Answers

Correct answer: A

Correct answer: In each case, award 1 mark for a valid reason and the second mark for developing the reason into an explanation (AO1), e.g.: The British Empire helped create a shared identity. (1) As a result, many Commonwealth citizens were migrating to a country whose way of life / culture / religion / music was familiar / inclusive. (1) English was spoken in colonies under British rule. (1) And so, Commonwealth citizens were migrating to a country where their language skills would help them in the workplace. (1) Accept any other valid reason which has relevant knowledge and understanding in the context of migration to the UK.

Explanation

4 marks

Correct answer: Award 1 mark for any of the following points showing understanding of citizenship concepts/terms (AO1) up to a maximum of 2 marks, e.g.: Respecting the rights / freedoms of different religions / cultural groups (1); Equality amongst different cultural groups/religions (so all festivals should be acknowledged) (1); Learning about one another helps community cohesion / reduces prejudice (1). Accept any other valid answer (showing understanding of citizenship concepts).

Explanation

2 marks

Correct answer: Multiple identities can describe (for example) multiple ethnicities or multiple roles in a community. Award 1 mark for an example and 1 mark for linking this with an explanation of what multiple identities means (AO1), e.g.: Someone has white and Asian parents; or Asian and Caribbean parents; or similar (1) may have two sets of traditions / mixed heritage. (1) Someone who was born in the UK but parents / relatives were born in other countries (1) may have a sense of belonging to two places. (1)

Explanation

2 marks

Correct answer: C

Correct answer: Relevant points may include: In Uganda, homosexuality is illegal / attracts a tough jail sentence, whereas in the UK there are laws against discrimination on the grounds of sexuality. Since the 1960s, successive laws have been passed in the UK, including the Equality Act 2010 and legalisation of gay marriage, which further tackles discrimination / ensures equal rights. The law extends protection to other people / groups in the UK in ways which may still be lacking in other countries, including Uganda. For instance, discrimination against women still takes place in many ways around the world (e.g. unequal pay) but is illegal in the UK. Discrimination on the grounds of race, religion and disability are all illegal in the UK.

Explanation

Level 1 (1–2): Limited knowledge of concepts, terms and issues; limited understanding shown by simple undeveloped comment about one of the contexts. Level 2 (3–4): Some knowledge; some understanding shown by comparisons between the two contexts. Level 3 (5–6): Detailed knowledge; good understanding shown by effective and sustained comparisons between the two contexts.

Correct answer: Accept either of the following: Income tax; National Insurance

Explanation

1 mark

Correct answer: In each case, award 1 mark for a valid reason and the second mark for developing the reason into an explanation (AO1), e.g.: The UK has an ageing population, (1) so over time, the number living past 65 to receive a pension has increased. (1) Successive governments have increased the value of the pension (1) which has been done to keep up with inflation. (1) Accept any other valid reason which has relevant knowledge in the context of spending on pensions / the elderly in the UK.

Explanation

4 marks

Correct answer: In each case, award 1 mark for evidence of understanding (AO1) of citizenship issues (changing government priorities, population changes), e.g.: A higher birth rate could mean more school places needed. (1) Migrants could bring children needing education. (1) Education spending could be an electoral promise. (1) The UK school leaving age might be increased. (1) Accept any other valid reason which shows relevant understanding of the political context for education spending the UK.

Explanation

3 marks

Correct answer: A